Understandings and Uses of Public Health Research

The translation of scientific knowledge into patient and public benefit, and engaging with the public on issues of biomedical research, are important aspects of the MRC’s mission towards improving public health. Scientific knowledge is synthesised, disseminated and exchanged within a socio-political and cultural context. Understanding what people think about health and illness, how people experience the translation of scientific knowledge, and how research evidence is used are important if knowledge translations strategies are to be developed that promote public health and reduce the gap between ‘what is known’ and ‘what needs to be done’. The programme has three themes: Understandings of Health and Illness; Knowledge Synthesis and Translation, and Media Representations of Health Issues.

As part of the MRC’s efforts to promote the timely translation of research and engage with the public on health, the Understandings and Uses of Public Health Research programme aims to:

  • Investigate how health, illness, and health research are presented, understood and used to translate scientific knowledge into public benefit and health policy
  • Investigate and respond quickly to any emerging public health issues that could derail effective public health interventions or undermine public confidence in health research

Publications

Hilton S, Patterson C, Teyhan A. Escalating coverage of obesity in UK newspapers: the evolution and framing of the ‘obesity epidemic’ from 1996 to 2010. Obesity (in press).

Roberts H, Petticrew M, Macintyre S, Liabo K. The Anglo-Saxon disease : a pilot study of the barriers and facilitators to the use of randomised controlled trials of social programmes in an international context. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health (in press).

Craig P, Cooper C, Gunnell D, Haw S, Lawson K, Macintyre S, Ogilvie D, Petticrew M, Reeves B, Sutton M, Thompson S. Using natural experiments to evaluate population health interventions. Glasgow: Medical Research Council, 2011.

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Douglas MJ, Carver H, Katikireddi SV. How well do strategic environmental assessments in Scotland consider human health? Public Health 2011; 125:585-91.

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Gray CM, Hunt K, Lorimer K, Anderson AS, Benzeval M, Wyke S. Words matter: a qualitative investigation of which weight status terms are acceptable and motivate weight loss when used by health professionals? BMC Public Health 2011; 11:513

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Higgins M, Katikireddi SV, Conaglen P, Jones C, Douglas M. UK Public Accounts committee report on health inequalities [Letter]. The Lancet 2011; 377:206-7.

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Hilton S, Hunt K, Bedford H, Petticrew M. School nurses' experiences of delivering the UK HPV vaccination programme in its first year. BMC Infectious Diseases 2011; 11:226.

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Hilton S, Hunt K. UK newspapers representations of the 2009-2010 outbreak of swine flu: one health scare not over-hyped by the media?. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 2011; 65:941-6.

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Hilton S. "I thought cancer was one of those random things.  I didn't know cancer could be caught…": adolescent girls' understandings and experiences of the HPV programme in the UK. Vaccine 2011; 29:4409-15.

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Katikireddi SV, Higgins M, Bond L, Bonell C, Macintyre S. How evidence based is English public health policy? British Medical Journal 2011; 343:d7310.

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Lorimer K, Gray CM, Hunt K, Wyke S, Anderson A, Benzeval M. Response to written feedback of clinical data within a longitudinal study:  a qualitative study exploring the ethical implications. BMC Medical Research Methodology 2011; 11:10.

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Macintyre S. Good intentions and perceived wisdom are not good enough: the need for controlled trials in public health. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 2011; 65:564-7.

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Sim JA, Ulanikaa AA, Katikireddi SV, Gorman D. 'Out of two bad choices, I took the slightly better one': Vaccination dilemmas for Scottish and Polish migrant women during the H1N1 influenza pandemic. Public Health 2011; 125:505-11.

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Hilton S, Hunt K, Langan M, Petticrew M. Newsprint media representations of the introduction of the HPV vaccination programme for cervical cancer prevention in the UK (2005-2008). Social Science & Medicine 2010 ; 70:942-50.

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Hilton S, Hunt K. Coverage of Jade Goody's cervical cancer in UK newspapers: a missed opportunity for health promotion? BMC Public Health 2010; 10:368.

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Hilton S, Smith E. Public views of the UK media and government reaction to the 2009 swine flu pandemic. BMC Public Health 2010; 10:697.

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Wilson PM, Petticrew M, Calnan M, Nazareth I. Disseminating research findings: what should researchers do? A systematic scoping review of conceptual frameworks. Implementation Science 2010; 5:91.

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Wilson PM, Petticrew M, Calnan M, Nazareth I. Does dissemination extend beyond publication: a survey of a cross section of public funded research in the UK. Implementation Science 2010; 5:61.

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Wilson PM, Petticrew M, Calnan M, Nazareth I. Effects of a financial incentive on health researchers’ response to an online survey: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2010; 12:e13.

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Hilton S, Hunt K, Langan M, Hamilton V, Petticrew M. Reporting of MMR evidence in professional publications:1988-2007. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2009; 94:831-3.

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Hilton S, Bedford H, Calnan M, Hunt K. Competency, confidence and conflicting evidence: key issues affecting health visitors’ use of research evidence in practice. BMC Nursing 2009; 8:4.

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Wilson P, Petticrew M, Booth A. After the gold rush? A systematic and critical review of general medical podcasts. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2009; 102:69-74.

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Davidson R, Mitchell R, Hunt K. Location, location, location: The role of experience of disadvantage in lay perceptions of area inequalities in health. Health & Place 2008; 14:167-81.
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Roberts H, Petticrew M, Macintyre S, Liabo K, Stevens M. Randomised controlled trials of social interventions: Report of a pilot study of barriers and facilitators in an international context. Glasgow: MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Occasional Paper no.19, 2008
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Wilson P, Petticrew M, on behalf of the Medical Research Council's Population Health Sciences Research Network Knowledge Transfer Project team, Calnan M, Nazareth I. Why promote the findings of single research studies? British Medical Journal 2008; 336:722-3.
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Hilton S, Hunt K, Petticrew M. Gaps in parental understandings and experiences of vaccine-preventable diseases. A qualitative study. Child: Care, Health & Development 2007; 33:170-179.
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Hilton S, Hunt K, Petticrew M. MMR: marginalised, misrepresented and rejected? Autism: a focus group study. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2007; 92:322-327.

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Hilton S, Petticrew M, Hunt K. Parents' champions vs. vested interests: who do parents believe about MMR? A qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2007; 7:42.
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Langan M. A contemporary history of the origins and development of UK Biobank, 1998-2005 [PhD]. MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit. Glasgow: University of Glasgow, 2007.
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Petticrew M, Semple S, Hilton S, Creely K, Eadie D, Ritchie D, Ferrell C, Christopher Y, Hurley F. Covert observation in practice: Lessons from the evaluation of the prohibition of smoking in public places in Scotland. BMC Public Health 2007; 7:204.
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Davidson R, Kitzinger J, Hunt K. The wealthy get healthy, the poor get poorly? Lay perceptions of health inequalities. Social Science and Medicine 2006; 62:2171-2182.

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Emslie C, Hunt K. Genetic Susceptibility. In: Clarke A, Ticehurst F, eds. Living With The Genome. Ethical and Social Aspects of Human Genetics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006:102-7

Hilton S, Petticrew M, Hunt K. Combined vaccines are like a sudden onslaught to the body's immune system: Parental concerns about vaccine overload and immune-vulnerability. Vaccine 2006; 24:4321-4327.

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Macintyre S, McKay L, Ellaway A. Lay concepts of the relative importance of different influences on health; are there major socio-demographic variations? Health Education Research: Theory and Practice 2006; 21:731-739.

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Wimbush E, Harper H, Wight D, Gruer L, Lowther M, Fraser S, Gordon J. Evidence, policy and practice: developing collaborative approaches in Scotland. In: Killoran A, Swann C, Kelly M, eds. Public Health Evidence: Tackling Health Inequalities. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006:201-16.

Harper H. The role of research in policy development: School sex education policy in Scotland since devolution [PhD]. MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit. Glasgow: University of Glasgow, 2005.

Hilton S. Parental perceptions of childhood immunisation in the context of the MMR controversy [PhD]. MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit. Glasgow: University of Glasgow, 2005.

Macintyre S, McKay L, Ellaway A. Are rich people or poor people more likely to be ill? Lay perceptions, by social class and neighbourhood, of inequalities in health. Social Science & Medicine 2005; 60:313-317.

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Macintyre S, McKay L, Ellaway A. Who is more likely to experience common disorders: men, women, or both equally? Lay perceptions in the West of Scotland. International Journal of Epidemiology 2005; 34:461-466.

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Wimbush E, Harper H, Wight D, Gruer L, Lowther M, Fraser S, Gordon J. Evidence, policy and practice: Developing collaborative approaches in Scotland. Evidence & Policy 2005; 1:391-407.

Kitzinger J. The Media and Health. In: Alder B, Porter M, Abraham C, van Teijlinger E, eds. Psychology and Sociology Applied to Medicine: churchill-livingstone, 2004:50-51.

Petticrew M, Whitehead M, Macintyre S, Graham H, Egan M. Evidence for public health policy on inequalities: 1: The reality according to policymakers. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 2004; 58:811-816.

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Whitehead M, Petticrew M, Graham H, Macintyre S, Bambra C, Egan M. Evidence for public health policy on inequalities: 2: Assembling the evidence jigsaw. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 2004; 58:817-821.

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Carter S, Michael M. Signifying across time and space: a case study of biomedical educational texts. Sociology of Health and Illness 2003; 25:232-259.

Davidson R, Hunt K, Kitzinger J. Radical blueprint for social change? Media representations of New Labour's policies on public health. Sociology of Health and Illness 2003; 25:532-552.

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Davidson RJC. Representations and Lay Perceptions of Inequalities in Health: An Analysis of Policy Documents, Press Coverage and Public Understandings [PhD]. MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit. Glasgow: University of Glasgow, 2003.

Emslie C, Hunt K, Watt G. A chip off the old block? Lay understandings of inheritance amongst men and women in mid-life. Public Understanding of Science 2003; 12:47-65.

Kitzinger J. Creating discourses of 'false memory': media coverage and production dynamics. In: Reavey P, Warner S, eds. Challenging the Tyranny of Truth. London: Routledge, 2003.

Emslie C, Hunt K. Genetic Susceptibility. Encyclopedia of the Human Genome. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2003:947-950.

Emslie C, Hunt K, Watt G. Invisible women? The importance of gender in lay beliefs about heart problems. In: Nettleton S, Gustafsson U, eds. The Sociology of Health and Illness Reader. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2002:146-161.

Emslie C, Hunt K, Watt G. "I'd rather go with a heart attack than drag on". Lay images of heart disease and the problems they present for primary and secondary prevention. Coronary Health Care 2001; 5:25-32.

Emslie C, Hunt K, Watt G. Invisible women? The importance of gender in lay beliefs about heart problems. Sociology of Health & Illness 2001; 23:201-231.

Hunt K, Emslie C, Watt G. Lay constructions of a 'family history' of heart disease: potential for misunderstandings in the clinical encounter? Lancet 2001; 357:1168-1171.

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Hunt K, Emslie C. Commentary: the prevention paradox in lay epidemiology - Rose revisited. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2001; 30:442-446.

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McConnachie A, Hunt K, Emslie C, Hart C, Watt G. 'Unwarranted survivals' and 'anomalous deaths' from coronary heart disease: prospective survey of general population. British Medical Journal 2001; 323:1487-1491.

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Michael M, Carter S. The facts about fictions and vice versa: public understanding of human genetics. Science as Culture 2001; 10:5-32.

Hunt K, Davison C, Emslie C, Ford G. Are perceptions of a family history of heart disease related to health-related attitudes and behaviours? Health Education Research: Theory and Practice 2000; 15:131-143.

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Hunt K, Emslie C, Watt G. Barriers rooted in biography: how interpretations of family patterns of heart disease and early life experiences may undermine behavioural change in mid-life. In: Graham H, ed. Understanding Health Inequalities. Buckingham: Open University Press, 2000:113-126.

Eldridge J. Risk, society and the media: now you see it, now you don't. In: Philo G, ed. Message Received: Longman, 1999:106-127.

Kitzinger J, Farquhar C. The analytical potential of 'sensitive moments' in focus group discussions. In: Barbour R, Kitzinger J, eds. Developing Focus Group Research: Politics, Theory and Practice. London: Sage, 1999:156-172.

Kitzinger J. Researching risk and the media. Health, Risk and Society 1999; 1:55-69.

Miller D, Macintyre S. Risk communication: the relationship between the media, public beliefs and policy-making. In: Bennett PG, Calman KC, eds. Risk Communication and Public Health. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999:229-240.

Miller D. Risk, science and policy: definitional struggles, information management, the media and BSE. Social Science & Medicine 1999; 49:1239-1255.

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Philo G. Message Received. Harlow: Longman, 1999.

Reilly J. Just another Food Scare? Changes in public understandings of BSE. In: Philo G, ed. Message Received. London: Longman, 1999:128-147.

Kitzinger J. The gender politics of news production: silenced voices and false memories. In: Carter C, Branston G, Allan S, eds. News, Gender and Power. London: Routledge, 1998:186-203.

Macintyre S, Reilly J, Miller D, Eldridge J. Food choice, food scares, and health: the role of the media. In: Murcott A, ed. The Nation's Diet: The Social Science of Food Choice. London: Addison Wesley Longman, 1998:228-249.

Miller D, Kitzinger J, Williams K, Beharrell P. The Circuit of Mass Communication: Media Strategies, Representation and Audience Reception in the AIDS Crisis. London: Sage, 1998.

Reilly J. The salmonella-in-eggs crisis in Britain. In: Applebaum M, ed. Alimentation, Peurs, et Risques: Ouvrage sous la Direction. Paris: Observatoire Cidil de L'harmonie Alimentaire, 1998:14-22.

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